TY - JOUR
T1 - Preschoolers search longer when there is more information to be gained
AU - Ruggeri, Azzurra
AU - Stanciu, Oana
AU - Pelz, Madeline
AU - Gopnik, Alison
AU - Schulz, Eric
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors. Developmental Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
PY - 2023/5/21
Y1 - 2023/5/21
N2 - What drives children to explore and learn when external rewards are uncertain or absent? Across three studies, we tested whether information gain itself acts as an internal reward and suffices to motivate children's actions. We measured 24–56-month-olds' persistence in a game where they had to search for an object (animal or toy), which they never find, hidden behind a series of doors, manipulating the degree of uncertainty about which specific object was hidden. We found that children were more persistent in their search when there was higher uncertainty, and therefore, more information to be gained with each action, highlighting the importance of research on artificial intelligence to invest in curiosity-driven algorithms. Research Highlights: Across three studies, we tested whether information gain itself acts as an internal reward and suffices to motivate preschoolers' actions. We measured preschoolers' persistence when searching for an object behind a series of doors, manipulating the uncertainty about which specific object was hidden. We found that preschoolers were more persistent when there was higher uncertainty, and therefore, more information to be gained with each action. Our results highlight the importance of research on artificial intelligence to invest in curiosity-driven algorithms.
AB - What drives children to explore and learn when external rewards are uncertain or absent? Across three studies, we tested whether information gain itself acts as an internal reward and suffices to motivate children's actions. We measured 24–56-month-olds' persistence in a game where they had to search for an object (animal or toy), which they never find, hidden behind a series of doors, manipulating the degree of uncertainty about which specific object was hidden. We found that children were more persistent in their search when there was higher uncertainty, and therefore, more information to be gained with each action, highlighting the importance of research on artificial intelligence to invest in curiosity-driven algorithms. Research Highlights: Across three studies, we tested whether information gain itself acts as an internal reward and suffices to motivate preschoolers' actions. We measured preschoolers' persistence when searching for an object behind a series of doors, manipulating the uncertainty about which specific object was hidden. We found that preschoolers were more persistent when there was higher uncertainty, and therefore, more information to be gained with each action. Our results highlight the importance of research on artificial intelligence to invest in curiosity-driven algorithms.
KW - active learning
KW - developmental psychology
KW - hypothesis testing
KW - information gain
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85159812770&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/desc.13411
DO - 10.1111/desc.13411
M3 - Article
C2 - 37211720
AN - SCOPUS:85159812770
SN - 1363-755X
VL - 27
JO - Developmental Science
JF - Developmental Science
IS - 1
M1 - e13411
ER -