Abstract (may include machine translation)
A politikai pártok a 19. század végétől váltak a nyugati társadalmak egyik legfontosabb intézményévé. Míg a 18-19. századi parlamentáris rendszerek kulcsszereplői a parlarnenti képviselők, s a képviselet legfontosabb intézménye maga a parlament, a politikai demokrácia kialakulásával a politikai rendszer szerkezete megváltozott. A modern, 20. századi politikai demokrácia létrejöttével ugyanis a politikai porondra új, állandó szereplők léptek: a választójoggal felruházott tömegek. A politikai pártok váltak azokká az intézményekké, amelyek a választók tömegei és a közhatalmi döntéseket hozó politikusok szűk csoportja közötti kapcsolatot megteremtették. A pártok mobilizálták a szavazati joggal felruházott néptömeget: a parlamentarizmusból a pártok által lett (tömeg)demokrácia. A képviseleti demokrácia törvényhozó intézményét, a parlamentet is a pártok strukturálják, s a pártvezérek kezébe került a végrehajtó hatalom, a kormány irányítása is. A képviseleti demokráeiák legfontosabb intézményévé tehát a politikai pártok váltak.
Political parties have become one of the most important institutions in Western societies since the end of the 19th century. While the key players in the parliamentary systems of the 18th and 19th centuries were the parliamentarians and the parliament itself was the most important institution of representation, the structure of the political system changed with the emergence of political democracy. With the emergence of modern political democracy in the 20th century, new, permanent actors entered the political arena: the electorally empowered masses. The political parties became the institutions that established the link between the masses of voters and the narrow group of politicians who took the decisions of public power. The parties mobilised the voting masses: parliamentarism became (mass) democracy through the parties. The legislative institution of representative democracy, the parliament, is also structured by the parties, and party leaders have also taken control of the executive, the government. Political parties have thus become the most important institution of representative democracies.
Political parties have become one of the most important institutions in Western societies since the end of the 19th century. While the key players in the parliamentary systems of the 18th and 19th centuries were the parliamentarians and the parliament itself was the most important institution of representation, the structure of the political system changed with the emergence of political democracy. With the emergence of modern political democracy in the 20th century, new, permanent actors entered the political arena: the electorally empowered masses. The political parties became the institutions that established the link between the masses of voters and the narrow group of politicians who took the decisions of public power. The parties mobilised the voting masses: parliamentarism became (mass) democracy through the parties. The legislative institution of representative democracy, the parliament, is also structured by the parties, and party leaders have also taken control of the executive, the government. Political parties have thus become the most important institution of representative democracies.
| Translated title of the contribution | Parties and Party Systems |
|---|---|
| Original language | Hungarian |
| Place of Publication | Budapest |
| Publisher | Osiris Kiadó |
| ISBN (Print) | 9633891515 |
| State | Published - 2001 |