TY - JOUR
T1 - Infants learn enduring functions of novel tools from action demonstrations
AU - Hernik, Mikołaj
AU - Csibra, Gergely
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2014 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2015/2/1
Y1 - 2015/2/1
N2 - According to recent theoretical proposals, one function of infant goal attribution is to support early social learning of artifact functions from instrumental actions, and one function of infant sensitivity to communication is to support early acquisition of generic knowledge about enduring, kind-relevant properties of the referents. The current study tested two hypotheses, derived from these proposals, about the conditions that facilitate the acquisition of enduring functions for novel tools during human infancy. Using a violation-of-expectation paradigm, we show that 13.5-month-old infants encode arbitrary end states of action sequences in relation to the novel tools employed to bring them about. These mappings are not formed if the same end states of action sequences cannot be interpreted as action goals. Moreover, the tool-goal mappings acquired from infant-directed communicative demonstrations are more resilient to counterevidence than those acquired from non-infant-directed presentations and, thus, show similarities to generic representations rather than episodic ones. These findings suggest that the acquisition of tool functions during infancy is guided by both teleological action interpretation mechanisms and the expectation that communicative demonstrations reveal enduring dispositional properties of tools.
AB - According to recent theoretical proposals, one function of infant goal attribution is to support early social learning of artifact functions from instrumental actions, and one function of infant sensitivity to communication is to support early acquisition of generic knowledge about enduring, kind-relevant properties of the referents. The current study tested two hypotheses, derived from these proposals, about the conditions that facilitate the acquisition of enduring functions for novel tools during human infancy. Using a violation-of-expectation paradigm, we show that 13.5-month-old infants encode arbitrary end states of action sequences in relation to the novel tools employed to bring them about. These mappings are not formed if the same end states of action sequences cannot be interpreted as action goals. Moreover, the tool-goal mappings acquired from infant-directed communicative demonstrations are more resilient to counterevidence than those acquired from non-infant-directed presentations and, thus, show similarities to generic representations rather than episodic ones. These findings suggest that the acquisition of tool functions during infancy is guided by both teleological action interpretation mechanisms and the expectation that communicative demonstrations reveal enduring dispositional properties of tools.
KW - Communication
KW - Goal
KW - Infancy
KW - Ostension
KW - Teleological action interpretation
KW - Tool function
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84911496041&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jecp.2014.10.004
DO - 10.1016/j.jecp.2014.10.004
M3 - Article
C2 - 25462040
AN - SCOPUS:84911496041
SN - 0022-0965
VL - 130
SP - 176
EP - 192
JO - Journal of experimental child psychology
JF - Journal of experimental child psychology
ER -