Decoding the Foodome: Molecular Networks Connecting Diet and Health

Giulia Menichetti, Albert László Barabási, Joseph Loscalzo

Research output: Contribution to journalReview Articlepeer-review

Abstract (may include machine translation)

Diet, a modifiable risk factor, plays a pivotal role in most diseases, from cardiovascular disease to type 2 diabetes mellitus, cancer, and obesity. However, our understanding of the mechanistic role of the chemical compounds found in food remains incomplete. In this review, we explore the “dark matter” of nutrition, going beyond the macro- and micronutrients documented by national databases to unveil the exceptional chemical diversity of food composition. We also discuss the need to explore the impact of each compound in the presence of associated chemicals and relevant food sources and describe the tools that will allow us to do so. Finally, we discuss the role of network medicine in understanding the mechanism of action of each food molecule. Overall, we illustrate the important role of network science and artificial intelligence in our ability to reveal nutrition’s multifaceted role in health and disease.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)257-288
Number of pages32
JournalAnnual Review of Nutrition
Volume44
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - 29 Aug 2024

Keywords

  • artificial intelligence
  • complexity
  • machine learning
  • network medicine
  • network science
  • nutrition
  • systems pharmacology

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