https://at-ceu.studyguide.timeedit.net/modules/INTR5458?type=COREGeneral and military theorist Carl von Clausewitz famously defined war as "an act of violence to compel our opponent to fulfil our will". Political warfare is about influencing the behaviour and thinking of other nations using instruments and methods that transcend the realm of traditional diplomacy and soft power, and yet fall short of open kinetic conflict.This course explores political warfare and its implications in contemporary international relations. It examines the strategic use of political warfare as an instrument of statecraft that lies in the "grey area" between traditional diplomacy and conventional military conflict. Throughout the course, we will discuss theoretical underpinnings, historical context, and practical applications of political warfare in times of crises of the relations between two or more states.