https://at-ceu.studyguide.timeedit.net/modules/LEGS5316?type=COREBrief Introduction: This foundational course serves as an introduction to human rights and their international (UN) and regional protection (in Europe, the Americas, and Africa). Students will gain a broad understanding of human rights by examining their historical origins and philosophical foundations; alternative approaches to classifying human rights; the effects of reservations to, and derogations from, human rights instruments; and the distinction between absolute rights and those that may be limited under specified conditions. The course introduces students to the UN, European, the Inter-American, and the African human rights systems. It provides an overview of the institutional settings and the competences of the systems' relevant human rights bodies (i.e. the UN Treaty Bodies, Special Procedures and other mechanisms, ?the European Court of Human Rights, the Inter-American Commission and Court of Human Rights, and the African Court and Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights), the available procedures and remedies. Through examples taken from the rich jurisprudence of the respective bodies, students will be acquainted with the interpretative techniques, the development of positive obligations, available remedies and the challenge of ensuring compliance. Students are encouraged to critically engage in a comparative analysis taking into account the particularities of the four systems.?? Goals: Introduce the international and regional architecture for the protection of human rights, covering the UN system, and regional systems in Europe, the Americas and Africa, and explain how they interconnect. Develop a critical, comparative perspective on human rights law and practice, encouraging students to engage and question historical narratives, doctrinal boundaries, and the practical limits of human rights discourse. Engage students with real world scenarios and cases, to prompt reflection on enforcement practice, interpretation methods, remedies and compliance gaps across the systems studied.